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当前位置：资源与环境科学进展 > 2024年 3卷 (2)期

Open Access Article

Advances in Resources and Environmental Science. 2024; 3: (2) ; 28-35 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.aes.20240014.

Sources, impacts and control strategies of microplastic pollution
微塑料污染的来源、影响及其治理策略

作者： 吴为 *

江汉大学湖北武汉

*通讯作者：吴为,单位：江汉大学湖北武汉；

发布时间: 2024-06-22 总浏览量: 427

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摘要

本文阐述了微塑料污染的多重维度，包括其定义、特性、根源、环境散布、对生态系统的冲击、应对策略等。微塑料污染，作为一种全球性的环境问题，被界定为直径小于5毫米的塑料微粒，可细分为初生微塑料与次生微塑料。其来源广泛，涵盖日常生活习惯、工业制造过程及农业活动。微塑料在自然界中的广泛存在，尤其是在水体、土壤及大气中的分布，对生态系统构成了严峻挑战，尤其是对水生及陆地生态系统的影响显著，同时亦对人类健康构成潜在危害。治理此问题的策略涵盖了从源头减少排放、加强监测评估到开发高效的清理与回收技术等多个层面。国际合作与政策引导在微塑料污染治理中发挥着不可替代的作用。同时，提升公众对微塑料污染的认知，倡导绿色生活方式，也是缓解此问题的重要途径。未来，科研界将聚焦于微塑料在生物体内的累积机制及其毒性效应的研究，以及微塑料如何影响全球气候变化的深入探索。

关键词： 微塑料；污染；治理策略

Abstract

This article explains the multiple dimensions of microplastic pollution, including its definition, characteristics, roots, environmental dispersion, impact on the ecosystem, and response strategies. Microplastic pollution, as a global environmental problem, is defined as plastic particles less than 5 mm in diameter, which can be subdivided into primary microplastics and secondary microplastics. It comes from a wide range of sources, covering daily life habits, industrial manufacturing processes and agricultural activities. The widespread presence of microplastics in nature, especially their distribution in water, soil and atmosphere, poses a severe challenge to the ecosystem, especially the significant impact on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and also poses a potential hazard to human health. . Strategies to address this issue range from reducing emissions at source, strengthening monitoring and evaluation to developing efficient cleanup and recycling technologies. International cooperation and policy guidance play an irreplaceable role in the control of microplastic pollution. At the same time, raising public awareness of microplastic pollution and advocating a green lifestyle are also important ways to alleviate this problem. In the future, the scientific research community will focus on the study of the accumulation mechanism and toxic effects of microplastics in organisms, as well as the in-depth exploration of how microplastics affect global climate change.

Key words： Microplastics; Pollution; Control strategy

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引用本文

吴为, 微塑料污染的来源、影响及其治理策略[J]. 资源与环境科学进展, 2024; 3: (2) : 28-35.

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