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当前位置：资源与环境科学进展 > 2025年 4卷 (2)期

Open Access Article

Advances in Resources and Environmental Science. 2025; 4: (2) ; 22-31 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.aes.20250018.

Development and application of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology
碳捕集与封存（CCS）技术的发展与应用

作者： 宋娜 *

贵州大学贵州贵阳

*通讯作者：宋娜,单位：贵州大学贵州贵阳；

发布时间: 2025-06-30 总浏览量: 17

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摘要

碳捕集与封存（CCS）技术作为应对气候变化、实现碳中和目标的关键技术路径，通过捕集工业生产和能源利用过程中产生的二氧化碳，并将其安全封存于地质构造中，有效减少温室气体排放。近年来，随着全球碳中和进程的加速，CCS技术在捕集效率、运输安全、封存监测等环节取得显著进展。在捕集环节，新型化学吸收剂、吸附材料及低温捕集系统的创新提升了捕集经济性；在封存方面，海上咸水层封存、驱油利用（CCUS-EOR）等模式不断成熟。然而，CCS技术仍面临成本高昂、基础设施不足、政策支持待强化等挑战。本文系统梳理CCS技术链各环节创新成果，分析其在电力、钢铁、造纸等行业的应用潜力，探讨政策法规与风险管理体系的构建需求，并基于国际经验与中国实践，提出产业化发展路径。研究表明，通过技术创新、政策激励与国际合作协同推进，CCS技术有望在全球能源系统低碳转型中发挥重要作用。

关键词： 碳捕集与封存；碳中和；地质封存；减排技术；政策规制

Abstract

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, as a key pathway to address climate change and achieve carbon neutrality goals, effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions by capturing carbon dioxide generated during industrial production and energy utilization, and securely storing it in geological structures. In recent years, with the acceleration of global carbon neutrality efforts, CCS technology has made significant advancements in capture efficiency, transportation safety, and storage monitoring. In the capture stage, innovations such as novel chemical absorbents, adsorbent materials, and low-temperature capture systems have enhanced capture economics. In terms of storage, models like offshore brine layer storage and enhanced oil recovery (CCUS-EOR) continue to mature. However, CCS technology still faces challenges such as high costs, insufficient infrastructure, and the need for stronger policy support. This paper systematically reviews the innovative achievements in each stage of the CCS technology chain, analyzes its application potential in industries such as power, steel, and paper, explores the requirements for policy and regulatory frameworks and risk management systems, and proposes industrial development pathways based on international experience and Chinese practices. The study indicates that through technological innovation, policy incentives, and international cooperation, CCS technology is expected to play a significant role in the low-carbon transition of the global energy system.

Key words： Carbon capture and storage; Carbon neutrality; Geological storage; Emission reduction technology; Policy regulation

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引用本文

宋娜, 碳捕集与封存（CCS）技术的发展与应用[J]. 资源与环境科学进展, 2025; 4: (2) : 22-31.

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